SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Expériences sur l'influence des sédiments du bassin d'élevage sur la physiologie de Penaeus stylirostris. Rapport des travaux menés du 26 novembre au 7 décembre 1955 à la Station Saint Vincent

Philippe, Régis.

Le transfert en mer de post-larves de coquille Saint-Jacques depuis la nurserie, à terre, jusqu'à la station de prégrossissement, en mer, provoque de faibles survies : 20 à 50 % L'étude du passage en mer montre 2 stress élémentaires principaux : la dé-fixation des post-larves et leur émersion pendant le transport (l'effet des chocs thermiques n'a pas été étudié ici). Quelques comparaisons de lots de post-larves dé-fixées ou émergées, montrent que la cause principale de mortalité serait la dé-fixation. La dernière partie de cette étude aborde des essais de transfert sans dé-fixation, à l'aide de supports-collecteurs immergés pendant l'élevage post-larvaire. Les survies au passage en mer apparaissent beaucoup plus satisfaisantes (64 à 100 % dans la plupart...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Coquille Saint-Jacques; Pecten maximus; Naissain; Passage en mer; Stress; Dé-fixation; Emersion; Collecteurs.

Ano: 1991

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00422/53377/54221.pdf

Cochard, Jean-claude; Goarant, Cyrille; Boglio, Eric; Lemonnier, Hugues.

The influence of the soil quality of culture pond on the physiological state of Penaeus stylirostris reared in earthen shrimp pond in New Caledonia was investigated by the measurement of the osmoregulatory capacity and magnesium hemolymph concentration of samples of 20 of these shrimp captured in the pond and maintained for 24 or 48h in cages laid on the bottom. A first experiment was affected by the occurrence of a pathology caused by Vibrio penaeicida probably due to initial handling stress. The second experiment showed that the osmoregulatory capacity is depresssed as a function of the soil quality : the more it is reduced the more the depression is important.

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Crevettes; Penaeus; P. stylirostris; Nouvelle Calédonie; Capacité osmorégulatrice; Stress; Sédiment; Shrimp culture; Penaeus; P. stylirostris; New Caledonia; Osmoregulatory capacity; Stess; Soil.

Ano: 1996

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00426/53779/54664.pdf

Agronomic performance of male-sterile and fertile maize genotypes at two plant populations

Ciência Rural

Sangoi,Luís; Salvador,Ricardo.

This experiment was conducted in 1994 at Ames, Iowa, US to test whether cytoplasmic male-sterility can be used to decrease barrenness and to increase grain yield of maize at two plant populations. Four genotypes were tested: a hybrid (NK 6330) and an inbred, wifh sterile and fertile counterparts. Each genotype owas evaluated at plant populations equivalent to 25,000 and 75,000 pl. ha-1. Hybrids produced higher grain yield than inbreds at both plant populations. Gram yield was higher at 75,000 than at 25,000 pl. ha-1. No difference in gram yield, number of ears per plant, number of grains per ear, tassel length, and tassel number of branches was found between sterile and fertile counterparts of the inbred and hybrid, regardiess of plant population. Fertile...

Etude de la charge énergétique adénylique sur deux espèces aquacoles les crustacés Penaeus stylirostris et Penaeus vannamei et l'huître perlière Pinctada margaritifera

Palavras-chave: Zea mays; Male-sterility; Stress; Gram yield.

Ano: 1996

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84781996000300006

Expériences 97 sur l'influence des sédiments du bassin d'élevage sur la physiologie de Penaeus stylirostris

Lemaire, Pierrette.

La charge énergétique adénylique (CEA) est le reflet de l'énergie disponible dans les cellules. Ses variations ont été recherchées comme indice physiologique pour détecter un stress chez les crevettes péneides P. vannamei et P. stylirosrtis et chez l' huître perlière Pinctada margaririfera. L'étude a porté dans un premier temps, sur la recherche des conditions optimales de préparation des échantillons aussi bien pour les crevettes que pour la nacre et dans un second temps sur des variations dues aux stress. La plupart des stress induits (hypoxie, vibriose) ne provoquent pas de variations significatives de la charge énergétique des crevettes p>0.05. Chez l'huître perlière une émersion à 20°C, 30°C et 40°C(p <0.05) ou une baisse de salinité ( 10%o)...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Aquaculture tropicale; Péneides; Mollusques; Charge énergétique adénylique; Stress.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00436/54785/56239.pdf

Evaluation des conséquences d'une situation hypoxique simulée sur la Capacité Osmorégulatrice des crevettes d'élevage, Penaeus stylirostris et Penaeus vannamei

Cochard, Jean-claude.

Les crevettes pénéides maintenues captives dans des cages posées sur le fond des bassins d'élevage subissent un stress dû au sédiment qui peut être évalué par la comparaison entre la valeur de la pression osmotique de leur hémolymphe et celle des crevettes libres du même bassin. Les objectifs des travaux réalisés à la station de Saint-Vincent (SASV, Nouvelle Calédonie) étaient de confirmer la variabilité spatiale de l'intensité du stress et de rechercher dans les sédiments un indicateur physique ou chimique corrélé à ce stress. Des lots de 25 à 30 crevettes de 13,2g, pêchées à l'épervier, ont été placés dans des cages de grillage métallique déposées en 12 points du bassin d'élevage. Les cages ont été relevées au bout de 24 heures et la pression osmotique...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Penaeus stylirostris; Capacité osmorégulatrice; Stress; Sédiment; Aquaculture; Crustacés. crevettes pénéides; PH.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00131/24265/22263.pdf

Mise au point d'une méthode standardisée de stress chez Crassostrea gigas

Soyez, Claude.

Les résultats exposés dans ce rapport apportent des informations sur la Capacité Osmorégulatrice des crevettes d'élevage, Penaeus stylirostris et P. vannamei, face à un abaissement de l'oxygénation ambiante. Ces résultats s'appliquent à des juvéniles placés dans des conditions optimum en laboratoire mais à niveau métabolique bas : animaux à jeun, en stade d' intermue C, adaptés après dissipation du stress induit par la pêche et le transfert dans un nouvel environnement. Les mesures ont confirmé que les crevettes présentent une zone d'indépendance osmorégulatrice au-dessus de 3 mg O2.11 et· une zone de dépendance osmorégulatrice qui commence au-dessous de cette valeur. Ces résultats vont également dans le sens de ceux obtenus sur les tests de croissance et...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Aquaculture tropicale; Pénéides; Respiration; Hypoxie; Stress; Osmorégulatio; Adaptation.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00425/53682/54526.pdf

Glemarec, Yves-marie; Haure, Joel; Baud, Jean-pierre.

Cette étude a pour objectif de mettre au point un test standardisé de choc thermique applicable sur le naissain d'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas, facile à mettre en oeuvre, rapide et de faible coût. Ce test doit permettre d'envisager à terme un transfert de cette technique à la profession ostréicole. Dans un premier temps, un modèle a été validé afin de prendre en compte le poids moyen, vis à vis du temps d'application du choc thermique en eau douce à 45°C appliqué aux huîtres pour obtenir 50% de mortalité. Il permet de dresser une table de correspondance poids des juvéniles, temps d'application du stress pour une gamme de 10 à 500mg. La méthodologie retenue pour le stress standard peut être résumée ainsi : - Tamisage d'une population de jeunes huîtres en...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Stress; Choc thermique; Mortalité.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00304/41543/40751.pdf

Aversive stimulation during the stress-hyporesponsive period does not affect the number of corticotroph cells in neonatal male rats

Aguiar,C.E.; Cadore,L.P.; Padoin,M.J.; Barbosa-Coutinho,L.M.; Lucion,A.B..

Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the effects of neonatal handling and aversive stimulation during the first 10 days of life on the number of corticotrophs in the anterior lobe of the pituitary of 11-day-old male Wistar rats. Since adult rats handled during infancy respond with reduced corticosterone secretion in response to stressors and with less behavior inhibition in novel environments, we assumed that neonatal stimulation could affect pituitary morphology during this critical period of cell differentiation. Three groups of animals were studied: intact (no manipulation, N = 5), handled (N = 5) and stimulated (submitted to 3 different aversive stimuli, N = 5). The percentage of ACTH-immunoreactive cells in the anterior lobe of the pituitary...

Effects of acupuncture on behavioral, cardiovascular and hormonal responses in restraint-stressed Wistar rats

Palavras-chave: ACTH; Immunohistochemistry; Pituitary; Neonatal handling; Stress.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997001200013

Guimarães,C.M.; Pinge,M.C.M.; Yamamura,Y.; Mello,L.E.A.M..

Stress is a well-known entity and may be defined as a threat to the homeostasis of a being. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of acupuncture on the physiological responses induced by restraint stress. Acupuncture is an ancient therapeutic technique which is used in the treatment and prevention of diseases. Its proposed mechanisms of action are based on the principle of homeostasis. Adult male Wistar EPM-1 rats were divided into four groups: group I (N = 12), unrestrained rats with cannulas previously implanted into their femoral arteries for blood pressure and heart rate measurements; group II (N = 12), rats that were also cannulated and were submitted to 60-min immobilization; group III (N = 12), same as group II but with acupuncture needles...

Rapport de la mission effectuée du 12 au 19/12/97en Nouvelle-Calédonie : - Ecophysiologie et Pathologie

Palavras-chave: Stress; Acupuncture; Catecholamines; Corticosterone.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997001200011

Soyez, Claude; Avarre, Jean-christophe.

Ecophysiologie L'outil Capacité Osmorégulatrice (CO) mis au point ces dernières années est devenue un moyen performant et largement exploité en routine dans nos programmes de recherche en environnement, en pathologie-immunologie, en génétique et en physiologie de la nutrition. La mise en oeuvre de cet outil nous a permis de répondre à un certain nombre de questions posées dans le cadre de nos objectifs de recherche. Il s'agissait dans un deuxième temps d'éprouver et d'adapter cet outil à des études in situ (dans les bassins d'élevages). C'est dans ce cadre qu'une action a été menée en Nouvelle-Calédonie avec nos collègues de la SASV. En Nouvelle-Calédonie, la chute de température préside à une dégradation du milieu et des conditions d'élevage et...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Capacité osmorégulatrice; Stress; Environnement; Écophysiologie; Nouvelle-Calédonie; Diagnostic; V. penaeicida; Épidémiologie; PCR.

Ano: 1998

URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00680/79233/81748.pdf

Survie et maintien de la virulence de Salmonella Typhimurium VNC exposée simultanément à trois facteurs stressants expérimentaux

Adaptative responses of E-coli to marine environmental stresses. a modelling approach based on viability and dormancy concepts

Baleux, B; Caro, A; Lesne, J; Got, P; Binard, S; Delpeuch, B.

The release of enteric pathogenic bacteria in aquatic environments poses the problem of the fate of these bacteria under the effects of environmental factors (solar radiation, salt concentration, temperature, nutrient level, pH, competition). Frequently, these bacterial cells, potentially pathogenic, enter into a non-culturable state on routine bacteriological plating media. However, the use of direct detection methods (DAPI stained cells) allows the visualization of these Viable but Non Culturable cells (VNC). But, beyond the characterization of the viability of the cells (electron transport activity, metabolic activity, membrane integrity, structure and/or quantity of DNA), what happens with the virulence of these cells? This problem was experimentally...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Salmonella; Survie; Virulence; VNC; Stress; Salmonella; Survival; Virulence; VNC; Stress.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00325/43645/43245.pdf

Summer mortality of the Pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas in the Bay of Marennes-Oleron (France)

Martin, Y; Troussellier, Marc; Bonnefont, Jl.

In an attempt to synthesize conceptual and experimental information on the behaviour of enteric bacteria in seawater, a mathematical model has been developed. This model is based on changes in intracellular metabolisable components depending an physiological responses of the cell when subjected to nutrient starvation, salinity stress and solar radiation. Following a strategy which takes into account short- and mid-term physiological adaptation and reversal processes, the cells can develop in different states: culturable (B-1), viable and definitively nonculturable (B-2), and reversibly dormant (B-3) cells. Model parameters were deduced either from original microcosm experiments, from literature data or calibration procedures. Validation of the model was...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Escherichia coli; Eau de mer; Stress; États cellulaires; Modélisation; Escherichia coli; Seawater; Stress; Cellular states; Modelling.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00325/43646/43224.pdf

Goulletquer, Philippe; Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Moine, Olivier; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Faury, Nicole.

A comprehensive research program has been developed since 1995 to focus on C. gigas abnormal mortality rates occurring regularly during the summer period in the Bay of Marennes Oleron (France). Several subprojects were carried out including in-vitro ecophysiological studies to asses l) the relationship between reproductive status, scope for growth and mortality, 2) effects of stress temperature on physiological functions. Meanwhile, field studies concerned monitoring surveys of calibrated oyster populations at various emersion time and geographic sites. A database was developed and incorporated into a geographic information system (GIS) to overlay several layers of information and establish relationship among environmental parameters and mortality rates....

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Marennes Oleron bay; In situ continuous monitoring; Ecophysiology; Stress; Environmental conditions; Summer mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Marennes Oléron; In situ en continu; Suivis environnementaux; Ecophysiologie; Stress; Conditions environnementales; Mortalité estivale; Crassostrea gigas.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/acte-3093.pdf

Prevalence of gastric lesions (ulcers and/or erosions) and their relationship to possible stressfull factors in asymptomatic Quarter Horse foals: endoscopic survey

Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci.

DEADO,Antonio Cezar de Oliveira; LOPES,Marco Aurélio Ferreira; GANDOLFI,Waldir.

Gastric ulcer accounts for one of the most important causes of abdominal discomfort in young horses. With the aim of studying the prevalence of lesions (ulcers and/or erosions) and their relationship to factors such as stress, age and sex, sixty quarter horse foals without signs of gastric disease underwent gastroscopy. Foals were divided into four age groups of 15 animals as follows: 1 to 30 days, 31 to 60 days, 61 to 90 days and 91 to 120 days. The prevalence of gastric lesions was 43.3%. Foals aged 61 to ninety days were the most affected (nine of 15). There were no significant differences between ages. Squamous epithelial exfoliation was observed in nine foals (60%) less than thirty days, in six (40%) between 31 to sixty days and only in two foals...

Interaction of general adaptation syndrome and myocarditis causing ventricular rupture in a black swan (Cygnus atratus): case report

Palavras-chave: Stomach ulcer; Stress; Stomach; Gastroscopy; Horse.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-95961998000400004

Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci.

REGO,Alexandre Aparecido Mattos da Silva; MATUSHIMA,Eliana Reiko; FEREIRA,Antonio José Piantino; PINTO,Celso Martins.

Case report about the interaction of chronic myocarditis and General Adaptation Syndrome ("stress") causing rupture of left ventricular wall on a young, female specie of Cygnus atratus (black swan), that came to die at the Country Zoo of Taboão da Serra, in São Paulo, during quarantine, after being taken on a long distance travel, under disfavorable temperature and ventilation conditions.

Neuroethologic differences in sleep deprivation induced by the single- and multiple-platform methods

Palavras-chave: Stress; General Adaptation Syndrome; Myocarditis; Swan.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-95961998000500006

Physiological responses of Macoma balthica to copper pollution in the Baltic

Medeiros,R.; Lenneberg-Hoshino,C.; Hoshino,K.; Tufik,S..

It has been proposed that the multiple-platform method (MP) for desynchronized sleep (DS) deprivation eliminates the stress induced by social isolation and by the restriction of locomotion in the single-platform (SP) method. MP, however, induces a higher increase in plasma corticosterone and ACTH levels than SP. Since deprivation is of heuristic value to identify the functional role of this state of sleep, the objective of the present study was to determine the behavioral differences exhibited by rats during sleep deprivation induced by these two methods. All behavioral patterns exhibited by a group of 7 albino male Wistar rats submitted to 4 days of sleep deprivation by the MP method (15 platforms, spaced 150 mm apart) and by 7 other rats submitted to...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other

Palavras-chave: Sleep deprivation methods; Stress; Social interactions; Group crowding effects.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998000500012

Some methods for quantifying quality in the scallop Pecten maximus (L.)

Sokolowski, A; Wolowicz, M; Hummel, H; Bogaards, R.

Physiological and behavioral responses to Cu exposure were measured in the Baltic clam Macoma balthica from the Gulf of Gdansk, southern Baltic Sea. The burrowing activity, mortality rate, glycogen content, condition index and free amino acid (FAA) composition were analysed as indicators of stress in a series of field and laboratory studies. M. balthica exposed to Cu showed clear Cu-concentration related differences in burrowing activity and mortality rate, but no consistent differences in the condition index, glycogen content, and free amino acids. The clams from a less polluted area reacted more strongly and were more sensitive to additional stress as compared to organisms from a more polluted region. The effect of Cu on the ecophysiology of Baltic clams...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Stress; Cuivre; Écophysiologie; Macoma balthica; Mer Baltique; Stress; Copper; Ecophysiology; Macoma balthica; Baltic Sea.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00325/43606/43925.pdf

Maguire, Julie A.; Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Burnell, Gavin M..

(Not controled OCR) Because biological systems do not work in isolation, behavioral, biochemical, and physiological tests can give an overview of an individual's vital processes and reaction to stress. Two stress gradients were applied in this study, a short acute desiccation stress and a long-term density stress. These stress gradients were used to assess the usefulness of various techniques for quality assessment: namely, a standard salinity stress test, condition index, recessing speed of the scallop, adenylic energetic charge (AEC). and percentage carbohydrate content of the striated muscle. The results showed that AEC could be used effectively to measure the effect of a short-term stress. In the striated muscle. AEC levels were useful in...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Density; Desiccation; Quality; Stress; Pecten maximus.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/publication-2450.pdf

Optimisation d'une méthode standardisée de choc thermique sur des juvéniles de Crassostrea gigas : application à des populations d'ecloseries

Neonatal handling induces anovulatory estrous cycles in rats

Catois, Stéphane; Haure, Joel; Martin, J-l.; Nourry, Max; Palvadeau, Hubert; Baud, Jean-pierre.

Mortality among juvenile Crassostrea gigas has been occuring during the summer months since 1995 and is now considered to be a real problem for French oyster culture. The aim of this study was to standardise the stress that could be applied to Crassostrea gigas spat. In initial experiments in 1998, the weight of individual spat and the duration of a heat shock at 50°C in freshwater, adapted for oysters of between 500 and 2000 mg, were built into a model to obtain 50% mortality. However, the precision was low (50%) and will need to be improved in the future. Following this, hatchery-produced juveniles weighing 10 to 500 mg were subjected to heat shock at 45°C in heshwater ; the duration of the shock was calculated based on a model built in 1997. The results...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Stress; Choc thermique; Mortalité; Crassostrea gigas; Stress; Heat shock; Mortality.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00080/19095/16690.pdf